吴艳琳
【课例主题】
学校“师之蕴英语教师工作室”以“初小衔接主题引领的语法专项”为主题,以“Prepositions”教学为例,探索“五年级学生小升初阶段语法学习”的有效方法。
【文本解读】
一、课标衔接
课标要求,教师要践行学思结合、用创为本的英语学习活动观,倡导学生围绕真实情境和真实问题,激活已知,参与指向主题意义探究的学习理解、应用实践和迁移创新等一系列相互关联、循环递进的语言学习和运用活动。坚持学思结合,引导学生在学习理解类活动中获取、梳理语言和文化知识;坚持学用结合,引导学生在应用实践类活动中内化所学语言和文化知识,加深理解并初步应用;坚持学创结合,引导学生在迁移创新类活动中联系个人实际,运用所学解决现实生活中的问题,形成正确的态度和价值判断。
二、单元素养
本单元为学校校本课程《九年一贯初小衔接的临外英语课程(1)语法直通车》第九课时“Prepositions”。
1. 要求学生掌握的英语核心素养
语言能力:学生能够在感知、体验、积累和运用等语言实践活动中理解并运用本课时核心语法:时间介词、方位介词、方式介词、其他介词和介词短语,并能在语境中理解并运用恰当的介词。
文化意识:学生通过学习不同类型的介词,能对应配图、语境理解介词的含义和用法,观察感受各类介词的特点,比较中外文化介词使用的异同。
思维品质:学生能够在肢体语言、信息媒介的帮助下理解介词在不同语境中的含义,能够利用之前学过的介词的相关知识和本节课新授的介词知识在即时造句和日常会话中合理地用英语表达所思所想。
学习能力:学生能够积极运用之前学过的介词的相关知识和本节课新授的介词知识,并主动调适英语学习策略,主动参与语言实践活动;在学习中注意倾听、乐于交流、大胆尝试;学会自主探究,合作互助;学会反思和评价学习进展,调整学习方式;学会自我管理,提高学习效率,做到乐学善学。
2. 本课时涉及的国家课程标准学习要求
(1)语言能力学段目标。感知与积累:能理解日常生活中所学语言直接传递的交际意图;能读懂主题相关的简短语篇,获取具体信息,理解主要内容。习得与建构:在听或看发言清晰、语速适中、句式简单的音视频材料时,能获取人物、时间、地点、事件等基本信息;能根据图片口头描述其中的人或事物。表达与交流:能围绕主题,运用所学语言,与他人进行简单的交流,表演小故事或短剧,语音、语调基本正确;在书面表达中,能围绕图片或模仿范文,写出几句意思连贯的话。
(2)文化意识学段目标。比较与判断:对学习中外文化有兴趣;通过故事、介绍、对话、动画等获取中外文化的简单信息;感知与体验文化多样性,能在理解的基础上进行初步的比较;能用简短的句子描述所学的与中外文化有关的具体事物;初步具有观察、识别、比较中外文化异同的能力。调适与沟通:能注意到跨文化沟通与交流中的文化差异。感悟与内化:了解中外文化。
(3)思维品质学段目标。观察与辨析:能对获取的语篇信息进行简单的分类和对比,加深对语篇意义的理解。归纳与推断:能识别、提炼、概括语篇的关键信息、主要内容、主题意义和观点。批判与创新:能就作者的观点或意图发表看法、说明理由、交流感受。
(4)学习能力学段目标。乐学与善学:对英语学习有较浓厚的兴趣和自信心;能积极参与课堂活动,注意倾听,大胆尝试用英语进行交流;乐于参与英语实践活动,遇到问题积极请教。选择与调整:能在教师指导下,制订并完成简单的英语学习计划,及时预习和复习所学内容;能了解自己英语学习中的进步与不足;能在教师指导下,初步找到适合自己的英语学习方法;尝试根据学习进展调整学习计划和策略;能借助多种渠道或资源学习英语。合作与探究:能在学习活动中与他人合作,共同完成学习任务;能在学习过程中认真思考,主动探究,尝试通过多种方式发现并解决学习中的问题。
【学情分析】
本节课授课对象为学校五年级学生,大部分学生对英语学习兴趣浓厚,同时部分学生有很强的表达欲和能力。他们已经形成了较好的英语学习习惯,能听懂教师的日常指令,并能完成相应学习任务。但是大部分学生针对具体的语篇和话题,独立表达完整的语句还有些难度,需要教师给予语言表达框架的支撑,给予他们更多锻炼口语表达的机会。教师按照年级学期、已积累的语言知识、已形成的语言能力和预计学习的知识与能力,做了如下梳理与罗列:
Teaching material Lesson 9 Prepositions “LGWFL English transition courses from primary school to middle school”
Lesson Type Grammar:Prepositions
Teaching aid Multimedia,PPT,blackboard,Exercise worksheet
Teaching objectives:By the end of this lesson,the students will be able to:1. Understand and master the use of different kinds of prepositions;2. Use the prepositions skillfully.
Emotion objective:Cultivate the students observation and inductive ability.
Teaching important points:1. Master the use of the prepositions of time and prepositions of place,etc. 2. Be able to use different kinds of prepositions correctly in real situation.
已
知 1AM1U2 My classmates A book,a pencil,for you and me.
1BM2U3 Drinks I like Happy birthday to you!
2AM3U2 In my room Put the book in the bag. Put the box on the desk.
2BM3U1 The four seasons I like doing... in/on...;in+(seasons)spring/summer/autumn/winter;in the park,in the water,skate on the ice
3AM1U2 Whats your name? stand up,sit down,look at the blackboard,pick up your pencil,write sth. on the paper
3BM3U3 Seasons in the park,go to the beach,in July,be afraid of,come in,go away
4AM3U2 Around my home near/behind/next to/in front of sp.,on a busy street,in our city,on Park Street,a map of your neighbourhood,talk about it with your classmates,at the street corner,in the evening,on Nanjing Road,on the slide,in the lake,in the centre of...,in the restaurants,in the hotels
4AM4U3 Weather in+(month)January/February/March/April/May/June/July/August/September/October/November/December
in+(seasons)spring/summer/autumn/winter;Hows the weather in...?make phone calls to each other,in a year,on the playground,at Christmas,receive an e-mail from sb.,tell sb. about sth.,the end of the year,on the path
4BM1U3 Look at the shadow! on the lawn,at noon,in the sky,on the beach,on the path,run away,play with...,on the wall,on the floor,go/walk down,at seven oclock,goes with sb.,look back,like,run after,go off,have tea with sb.,fall into,cry in fear,in beer,burst into tears.
4BM3U3 Days of the week on+(day)Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday/Saturday/Sunday;at weekends,go to Rainbow Park,the days of the week,in the middle of...,in the music club,in the music room,in the hall,from Monday to Friday,at home
应
知 5AM1U2 My way to school ride a bike to school,walk to school,on foot,by bus,at traffic lights,at zebra crossings,wait for the green light,wait on the pavement,run on the road,get off the train,at... station,stay on the bus,for... minutes,get off at... stop,walk from A to B. This is his journey to work.
5AM4U1 Water in the teapot,pour... into...,in the mountains,run down,run through,run into,be part of,fall from the sky,go up to the sky,rise up to the sky,in a cloud,fly over rivers and mountains,on the ground,fall down to the ground,inside the tree
预
知 5BM1U3 How noisy! around,at City Square,play loud music for Ben,live on Mars,in the world,on ones birthday,say to sb.,hear about
5BM4U2 Western holidays in the UK,give sth. to sb.,at Easter,at Halloween,knock on,on this holiday,cut out,take out,play a trick on sb.
5BM4U3 Story time put up,hear sth. from...,break down,in the castle,at last
6AM2U5 Open Day plan sth. for...,arrive at/in,at the entrance,listen to sth.,in the hall,on the Open Day,in different places,write sth. to sb.,invite sb. to sp.,take photos for...
6AM3U8 The food we eat Id like... for breakfast/lunch/dinner.,what kind of...,steamed prawns with garlic,the price of sth.,at the fish stall,in the seafood section,in the market/supermarket
6BM1U1 Great Cities in Asia north/south/east/west of... north-east/north-west/south-east/south-west of... the capital of,travel from A to B,information about sth.,at beautiful beaches,in Asia
7AM2U5 Choosing a new flat near/next to/on/opposite/between ... and .../in front of
7BM1U1 Writing a travel guide in the centre/south/... of Shanghai,on Chongming Island
8AM3U7 Nobody wins in,on,beside,under,above,next to,in front of,behind,between
8BM1U1 Trees pass sth. to sb.,be known as,thank for,communicate with,against,belong to
9AM1U1 Ancient Greece since,for,match... with...,sail away,take sth. with sb.,look down at...,by midnight,go into,go out of,return to,pull into,hang up,get rid of,speak to sb.
【教案设计】
Teaching Plan
Procedures Contents Methods Purposes
I. Pre-task
preparations 1. Review. Activity 1 Revision
Ss:Think and answer the question:What prepositions do you know? To warm up;To recall their memory.
II. While-task
procedures 2. Identify the common use of prepositions of time; Activity 2 Presentation
Ss:Match the use of prepositions of time,and take notes. To review the use of prepositions of time.
3. Practise distinguishing the use of prepositions of time; Activity 3 Practice
Ss:Do the exercise on PPT and summarize the use of prepositions of time. To help students to have a clear understanding about prepositions of time.
4. Understand and master the use of prepositions of place; Activity 4 Presentation
Ss:Find where Jerry is and use formula “in包含,on接壤,隔海相望to来帮”to help distinguish in,on and to. To recall their memory;To cultivate the students observation and inductive ability.
5. Practise using the use of prepositions of place. Activity 5 Practice
Ss:Fill in the blanks with the hints in pictures and do the multiple choice exercises. To practice using prepositions of place.
6. Identity when to use prepositions of instrumentality:in,with and by. Activity 6 Presentation
Ss:Answer the questions. To learn how to use prepositions of instrumentality in real situations.
7. Be more familiar with using prepositions of movement. Activity 7 Presentation
Ss:Understand the meaning of prepositions of movement in phrases and do translation exercises. To be equipped with the ability of knowing the use of prepositions of movement.
8. Learn to use other prepositions:of,like and about. Activity 8 Presentation
Ss:Answer the questions. To know about the different meanings of other prepositions:of,like and about.
9. Be more familiar with the meanings of prepositional phrases. Activity 9 Practice
Ss:Matching games. To recall their memory;To review the prepositional phrases.
III. Post-task
procedures 10. Homework worksheet. Activity 10 Production
Ss:Complete the exercises after class. To consolidate the knowledge of prepositions.
(责任编辑:向志莉)
【执教反思】
一、学生立于课堂中心,教师示范以促学习
在这节课的教学设计中,教师始终遵循“确立正确主体,将学习主动权交给学生”的原则,以学生为课堂主体,力求活动能充分调动学生学习积极性。秉持在体验中学习,在实践中运用,在迁移中创新的学习理念,在教学过程中,教师注意创设各类动画和情境,让学生在轻松愉悦的氛围中掌握知识;注重学生的情感教育,通过小组PK的游戏活动等方式激发学生的学习兴趣和热情;努力营造民主和谐的课堂氛围,对学生大胆的、有创意的发言及时给予肯定并引导进一步思考;积极通过quick response的问答形式,让每一位学生都有机会在课堂上快速检验当堂课语法知识点的掌握情况;在教学过程中及时给予板书书写示范,为学生提供知识信息和记忆的显性留存,言传身教,以另一种方式陪伴学生记笔记。
二、尊重学生知识差异,倡导组内互助讨论
每个学生都有独特性和个体差异性,教师需要尊重每位学生的知识差异性。在教学过程中,教师设置3—4个学生为一组,通过组内讨论、相互帮扶的形式,激发彼此的学习记忆;在此过程中关注到落单的学生以及有社交恐惧的学生,尤其是学习上需要帮助的学生,给他们以提示和辅导,帮助其逐渐有所产出,培养英语课堂活动的参与性和积极性,并在课堂上提出鼓励和肯定,给小组讨论的成果及时给予积极反馈,形成良好的班级学习氛围。
三、重视学生年龄特点,多种手段激发兴趣
目前学生处于小升初的关键时期,在这个过程中,学生需要转变学习方法和心态。这一年龄段的学生在学习语言时,通常对语言所表达的意义更感兴趣,而忽视语言的规则和表达形式。当提及语法规则,大多数学生都会觉得枯燥乏味。因此,在语法课堂上,教学的兴趣更为重要,教师要结合学生参与各种具体学习活动的表现来制订活动方式;有必要参考国内外活动书籍,线上线下观摩大公开课开展了哪些活动,结合学生的特点,设置有趣的英语活动。
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