高中英语知识点总结归纳第1篇JohnlikesplayingPingHealwaysdoesitinthe(指代上下文提到的事物);/Itstimewewent/Howfarisitfromhere下面是小编为大家整理的高中英语知识点总结归纳13篇,供大家参考。
John likes playing Ping He always does it in the (指代上下文提到的事物); /It"s time we went / How far is it from here to your home ? / It is getting warmer and It"s very quiet at the (可指时间、天气、环境等) 引导词
作形式主语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正主语。
It"s important for us to learn a second It"s no use talking to It"s known to all that the earth goes round the
作形式宾语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。
We feel it our duty to help He made it clear that he would leave the 强调结构：It is (was) +被强调部分+that (或who)…
注意：在强调结构中，如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语，其后的连接词也绝不能为when 或where，而应用that 。在复习中，一定要注意句式的不同。
It was in Shanghai that I bought the (that引起强调句) It was Shanghai where I bought the (where引起定从)
It was twelve o"clock when we arrived (when引起时间状语从句) It was at twelve o"clock that we arrived (that 引起强调句)
it，one，that 的区别：作为代词，这三个词的对比使用是高考的热点之一。
—Why don"t we take a little break? —Didn"t we just have __________?
The Parkers bought a new house but _________will need a lot of work before they can move
one 用以指代同类事物中的任一，that 特指性强，指代可数与不可数词，而it指代上文提过的同一事物。
重点句型
We usually think of science subjects asphysics, chemistry, biology and
通常我们认为科学学科为物理、化学、生物、和数学。
When are they to hand in their plan?
他们的计划什么时候交上来。
Whether we help him or not, he will
不论我们帮助他与否，他都将失败。
It exploded loudly with fire and rock, whichwere in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen andother gases, which were to make the earth’s
它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石，最终产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。
It was quite different from what I
它和我原来想的很不一样。
This made it possible for us to learn English
这使得我们有可能把英语学得更好。
Scientist believe that taking carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and filling the air with oxygen helped life to
科学家认为，从大气中吸取二氧化碳，并向空气中释放氧气，有助于生命的发展。
He has experience as well as
他既有学识又有经验。
They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere ,which prevents heat from escaping from the earth
他们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得热量不能从地球上散发到太空中。
Whether life will continute on the earth formillions of years will depend on whether this problem can be
生命是否会在地球上延续几百万年要取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
Canada is the second largest country in the
加拿大是世界上第二大的国家。
Success is within our grasp
现在我们成功在望了。
I’m feeling slightly better
我今天感到好一点了。
I prefer to play football rather than stayat
我宁愿踢足球而不愿呆在家里。
He gave me money as well as (as well as 和;同;也)
他给我忠告并且给我钱。
These books are mine; the rest are
这些书是我的，其他的都是你的。
asked her a question but she (remaine 是连系动词，意思是“保持，仍然是”)
我问了她一个问题，但她保持沉默。
Many people think it is the most beautifulcity in Canada, as it is surrounded by mountains on the north and east and thePacific Ocean on the
许多人都认为温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市，因为来自它的北面和东面都被大山包围，而西面濒临太平洋。
Many of them have a gift for working withanimals and they can win thousands of dollars in
他们中的许多人拥有与兽共舞的天分，因而能赢得数千美元的奖金。
You can have a view of Paris from the
从埃菲尔铁塔上你可以看到巴黎全景。
Around noon they arrived in Toronto, the mostwealthy and biggest city in
大约中午时分她们到了多伦多—加拿大最富有、最大的城市。
I accompanied him as far as the bus
我陪他一直走到公共汽车站。
AS引导非限制性定语从句时，通常指的不是主句中的某一个名词(先行词)，而是指整个主句表达的内容，对主句所作的陈述进行附加说明，意为―这，如或正如‖。这种从句可位于主句之前，之中或之后。
As we all know， Taiwan belongs to Taiwan， as we all know， belongs to Taiwan belongs to China， as we all 注意下面的习惯用法：
as is well discussed 正如已讨论过的
as is often said 正如通常所说 as is often the case 通常就是这样 as has been pointed 正如所指出的那样 as has been said before 如上所述 as often happens 如同经常所发生的那样 as might be expected正如所料 as is well known to all众所周知
在多数情况下，从句中的谓语助动词可以省略 as explained before 如前面所解释的 as mentioned above 如前面所提到的 as shown in the figure 如图所示 as seen from the table 从表中可以看出 as already discussed 正如已讨论过的 三、不定代词
1、什么是状语从句状语从句(Adverbial Clause)状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
2、状语从句考点分析：
1.状语从句虽然有完整的主谓结构，却是不能独立的从句。
2.状语从句它由从属连词引导成为整个句子一个不可缺少的部分。
3.考查的热点有条件、时间、地点、让步等状语从句的连接词词义辨析.
4.动词的时态呼应、状语从句的省略等。
5.题干结构呈交叉和综合特征，选项设计多从定语从句和名词性从句的角度进行思维干扰。
3、状语从句时态特点一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。例如：
I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我到北京就将给你打电话。
(这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时，表示一般将来时，绝不可用will arrive)
As soon as I have finished this work, I will have gone home.我一完成此工作，就回家。
(从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished，表示将来完成时,绝不可用will have finished)
If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回来了，请通知我。
(从句中的谓语动词用comes back,表示一般将来时，绝不可用will come back)
1.同位语从句：同位语从句在句中作A同位语，对被修饰名词的内容予以解释说明。同位语的特点是：抽象名词在前，表达具体内容的从句在后。
常见的名词包括：
assumption假定/belief看法/ conclusion结论/ doubt怀疑等。
例句：The suggestion that we should develop the natural resources in the region has been discussed. 关于我们应该开发本地区资源的建议已经讨论过了。
2.现在完成时：表示过去延续到现在的动作或状态。具体来说，这种用法是表示开始于过去的动作一直持续到现在，而且还可能继续持续下去。谓语动词一般为延续性动词。
例句：An old woman walked out into the middle of the street. The policeman yelled to her, “Don’t you know what it means when I hold up my hand?” The lady said, “Sure I do. I have been a schoolteacher for 28 years now.” 一个老妇人走到了马路中央，这时，一位交警朝着她嚷道：“我都把手举起来了，你难道还不知道什么意思吗?”老太太说：“我当然知道，我都做了28 年的`老师了。”
3. 时间状从：not…until… 用法。例句：The students didn’t stop talking until the teacher came in.
4. it做形式主语，句子做逻辑主语：如果主语太长，常用代词 it 作形式主语，将真正的主语从句置于句尾，以保持句式的平衡。
例句：It makes no difference what you read or study if you can’t remember it. 如果你记不住，那么你读什么或者学什么都不重要了。
5. 现在分词短语作状语：
(1)现在分词作时间状语。例句：There are several things to consider when buying fresh foods. 当购买新鲜食品时，有几个事情要考虑。
(2)现在分词作条件状语。例句：Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你将会成功。
(3)现在分词作伴随状语。例句：All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem. 他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。
(4)现在分词作方式状语。例句：Please answer the question using another way. 请用另一种方法回答问题。
(5)现在分词作原因状语。例句：Not knowing her address, I can’t write to her.由于不知道她的地址，我没法给她写信。
(6)现在分词作结果状语。
例句：Possessing a car gives a much greater degree of mobility, enabling the driver to move around freely. 拥有汽车使机动程度更高，使司机能自由自在地往来各地。
(7)现在分词作让步状语。
例句：Although working from morning till night his father didn’t get enough food.虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命干，但是还是挣不够吃的。
1. get away from 逃离
2. watch / look out 注意，当心
3. go for a hike / go hiking 去徒步旅游
4. as with 正如……一样
5. see off 为某人送行
6. on the other hand 在另一方面
7. take care of 照顾
8. get close / near to 接近，凑近
9. tree after tree 一棵又一棵的树
10. as well as 也，和……一样(好)
11. protect…from 保护……不受……的伤害
12. be surprised at 因……而吃惊
13. be caught / trapped / struck in 被……困住
14. take place 发生
15. go through 通过，经过;经历(痛苦的事)
16. be upon 临近，逼近
17. hold on to 紧紧抓住
18. refer to 提到，说到;查询(信息)
19. look into 注视……的内部;检查，调查
20. for fear of (doing) sth. 惟恐……
1、情态动词与助动词
1、can能，可以，表说话人同意，许可还可表客观条件许可，如:You can go now.
提建议或请求时可用can I, can you表客气，如Can I buy you a drink?
can和be able to表能力时的区别。
can表一般具有的能力，be able to表在特定条件下的能力，如:Although the driver was badly hurt,he wasable to explain what had happened.
2、may
(1)可以，表说话人同意，许可或请求对方许可。You may go.
(2)(现在和将来)可能，也许，只用于肯定句和否定句中，如He may not be right.
3、must,have to
must表主观上的必须，have to表客观上的必须，如:It"s getting late. I have to go. -Must I go now.-Yes,you must.(No, you needn"t./ No, you don"t have to.)
4、need,dare这二词有实意动词和情态动词两种词性，如用作实意动词后接动词不定式to do，如用作情态动词后接动词原形。Need I go now? --Yes, you must./No, you needn"t.)
5、shall用于第一人称疑问句中表说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求，如，Shall we begin our lesson?用于二、三人称陈述句，表说话人命令、警告、允诺、威胁等口吻，如: You shall fail if you don"t workharder.
6、should表应该，意为有责任，有义务。如:We should try our best to make our country more beautiful.
7、will表有做某事的意志、意愿、安心、打算，如"Will you lend me your book?" "Yes, I will."
8、should have done表应该做而未做
must have done表对过去事实的肯定推测
could have done表本可以做某事
9、判断句：肯定句用must,否定句用can"t,不太肯定用may,might
He must be in the office now.
He must have gone to bed, for the light is out.
He can"t be in the office. He is at home.
He couldn"t have cleaned the classroom, because he didn"t come here today.
He might be in the office, I am not sure.
He might have cleaned the room, I suppose.
2让步状语从句1、though,although,as的区别
A、Though,although的主句中可以用yet, still, nevertheless,但不可使用but。
B、though引导的从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装;as引导的从句必须倒装;although引导的从句不能倒装。其结构为：形容词/分词/副词/动词原形/名词(无冠词)+as/though+主语+谓语……
2、though可用作副词，放在句末，意为“不过，但是”。Although无此用法。
3、某些短语也引导让步的从句或短语，意为“尽管”，如：in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that,regardless of(the fact that)
句子种类
1、陈述句的否定
(1)在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的谓语动词是think, expect, believe, suppose, guess, fancy,imagine等，且主句主语是第一人称时，宾语从句谓语的否定习惯上要移到主句谓语上，如: I don"t think he is right.
(2)含有否定意义的副词never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely的句子应视为否定句，如: I have never been there before.
2、反意疑问句
(1)need和dare既可作情态动词，又可作实意动词，在反问部分须加以区别，如We needn"t leave, need we? We don"t need to leave, do we?
(2)陈述部分出现否定意义的副词或代词如never, seldom, few, hardly, little等时，反问部分须用肯定形式，如：He seldom comes, does he?
(3)陈述部分用不定代词作主语时，反问部分的主语用it，如：Nothing can stop me, can it?
陈述部分用everybody, everyone, somebody, someone，等作主语时，反问部分常用it，有时也用they，如:Everybody knows that, don"t they?
(4)陈述部分包括used to时，反问部分可有两种形式，如: You used to get up early, usedn"t (didn"t) you?
(5)陈述部分是"there + be"结构时，反问部分用there，如:There"s something wrong with you, isn"t there?
(6)陈述部分是含有宾语从句的主从复合句时，反问部分的主语和谓语应和主句保持一致，如: He never told others what he thought, did he?
但，如果是I think , I believe等+宾语从句时，反问部分须和从句的动词保持一致，如，I don"t think he is right, is he? I don"t believe he does that, does he?
3、感叹句
用what或how,
What a beautiful park it is.
How beautiful a park it is.
How beautiful the park is.
How we worked!
4、祈使句
Take care!
Don"t stand there.
Please open the door for the old lady.
3不定式的构成1、不定式的一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。
如：They invited us to go there this summer.他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。He stood aside for me to pass.他站到一边让我通过。
2、不定式的完成式：不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之后发生，它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语，有时也可作主语、定语等。
如：She seemed to have heard about this matter.她似乎已听说过这件事。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.我很抱歉让你等了这么久。
I meant to have told you about it,but I happened to have an important thing to do.我本来想告诉你这件事的，但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。
It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country.对我来说，在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。
3、不定式的进行式：不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。
如：It’s nice of you to be helping us these days.你真好，这些天一直帮我们。
He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully.他假装在认真地听老师讲课。We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here.我们没料到你一直在这儿等我们。
4、不定式的完成进行式：如果不定式表示的动作是谓语所表示
5、动词不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式构成。如：Try not to be late again next time.尽量下次不要再迟到。He wished us never to meet her again.他希望我们永远不要再见到她。
6、疑问词+动词不定式：不定式和疑问词whether,what,which,whom,where,when,how,why等连用可以在句中起名词的作用，通常跟在tell,know,show,decide,learn,wonder,explain,advise,teach,discuss,find out等动词后面作宾语，有时也可以充当主语、表语等。
如：On hearing the news,he didn"t know whether to laugh or to cry.听到这个消息，他不知道该哭还是该笑。
When to hold the meeting has not decided.什么时候开会还没有决定。
The most important problem is how to get so much money.最重要的事情是如何搞到这么多钱。
介词后一般不直接接不定式，但可以接疑问词+不定式短语作宾语。
如：Mary gave some advice on how to learn English.玛丽提了一些如何学习英语的建议。
I have no idea of how to do it.我不知道该怎么做。
1. means n. 方法;途径
2. experience n. 经验
3. equipment n. 设备
4. successful adj. 成功的
5. protect v. 保护
6. handle v. 处理
7. consider v. 考虑
8. benefit n. 利益
9. particular adj. 特别的
10. effect n. 效果
11. combine v. 合并
12. unforgettable adj. 不会忘记的
13. advance v. 前进
14. seize v. 抓住
15. struggle v. 奋斗
16. fear v. & n. 害怕
17. strike v. 敲打
18. destroy v. 毁掉
19. publish v. 出版
20. naughty adj. 调皮的
1. grow plants种植作物
2. know about farming了解农业耕种
3. a main food主要食物
4. Asian countries亚洲国家
5. have the chance to do sth有机会做…
6. end hunger结束饥饿
7. for that’s how he regards himself因为那就是他如何看待自己的
8. work the land耕种土地
9. a sunburnt face晒黑的脸
10. in many ways从许多方面来说
11. struggle for为…而战/挣扎
12. the past five decades在过去的五十年
13. a high output高产量
14. make it possible to…使…成为可能
15. graduate from…从…毕业
16. see the great need for看到了对…的需求
17. a serious problem一个严重的问题
18. search for寻找
19. without expanding the area of fields不扩大农田面积
20. circulate his knowledge传播知识
21. less developed countries欠发达国家
22. thanks to幸亏,由于
23. rid …of…使…摆脱…
24. twice as large as before是以前的两倍大
25. be satisfied with对…满意
26. care little about对…很少关心
27. lead a comfortable life过着舒适的生活
28. equip…with…用…装备…
29. give him less freedom to do sth给他更少的自由…
30. would rather宁愿
31. no longer不再
32. play the violin拉小提琴
33. prefer to更喜欢…
34. ride his motorcycle骑摩托
35. awake from从…中醒来
36. with the hope of带着…的希望
37. export rice出口大米
38. as Dr Yuan proves正如Dr Yuan所证明的那样
39. be suitable for对…合适
40. for sale卖…
41. chemical fertilizers化肥
42. get confused感到困惑
43. take turns轮流
44. be prepared to准备…
45. no matter how无论怎样
46. refer to指的是…参考…查阅…
47. be rich in富含…
48. be good for对…有好处
49. reduce diseases减少疾病
50. the water supply水的供应
51. year after year一年又一年
52. as a result结果
53. get exhausted感到筋疲力尽
54. insist on坚持
55. every two or three years每两三年
56. write a summary of…写…的总结
57. exchange…with…与…交换…
58. give each other comments互相评论
59. be free of远离…
60. that is to say那就是说
重点词汇、短语
rather than 与其，不愿
chat 聊天，闲聊
surround 包围，围绕
measure 测量，衡量，判定
settle down 定居，平静下来
manage to do 设法做
catch sight of 看见，瞥见
have a gift for 对…有天赋
within 在…之内，
border 边界，国界，边沿，与…接壤
mix 混合，调配
mixture 混合物
confirm 证实，证明，批准
distance 距离，远方
in the distance 在远处
nearby 在附近
tradition 传统，习俗
impress 使印象深刻
重点词汇、短语
system 系统，体系
theory 学说，理论
violent 猛烈的，激烈的，
in time 及时，终于
unlike 不同，不像
harmful 有害的
lay eggs 下蛋
exist 存在，生存
give birth to 产生，分娩
in one’s turn 轮到某人
prevent from 阻止
puzzle 谜，难题/使迷惑
pull 拉，牵引力
cheer up 感到振奋
now that 既然
break out 突发，爆发
watch out 密切注视
1. advance的用法
构词：advanced adj. 高等的先进的，高深的
搭配：
① in advance 在前头，预先，事先
② in advance of 在……前面;比……进步;超过
③ on the advance (物价)在上涨
【考例】It is said that Miss White had some difficulty in studying the ____ maths.
A. improved B. developed C. advanced D. increased
[考查目标] 本题考查形容词advanced与近义词的区别。
[答案与解析]C “高等数学”的英译是advanced maths，advanced意思是“先进的。高级的”。
2. before 的特殊用法
(1) He had run out of the room before I could stop him.我还没来得及拦住他，他就跑出了屋子。
(2) Three weeks went by before We knew it. 三周过去了，我们才意识到。(或：时间不知不觉已过三周了。)
(3) It wasnt / didnt take long before he returned.他没过多久就回来了。
It wont be long before we graduate. 不要过多久我们就要毕业了。
3. chance的用法
搭配：
① by any chance 万一，碰巧，或许
② by chance 偶然，意外地
③ take a / ones chance 冒一冒险，碰碰运气，利用一下机会
【考例6】 (20xx南京模拟)Most of the ___are in seasonal work, mainly connected with tourism and agriculture.
A. work B. luck C. chances D. services
[考查目标] chance的词义。
[答案与解析] C chance在本句的词义是“机会”。
4. consider v.
(1) 考虑
A) consider + n. / doing
I consider going abroad.
B) consider + 疑问词 + to do
You have to consider what to do next.
(2) 认为
A) consider + n. (+as / to be) + n. / adj.
I consider Mary as / to be my best friend.
They considered Paris the brain and heart of the country.
B) consider + n. + to have done
I consider him to have acted disgracefully.
除了consider…as…表认为外，还有regard…as
…，look on…as…，take…as…，think of…as…
5. cost的用法
构词：costly adj. 昂贵的，贵重的
搭配：
① cost sb. sth. 花费某人(多少钱);让某人付出(代价)/牺牲……
② at all costs 不惜任何代价.无论如何
③ at any cost 不惜任何代价，无论如何
④ at cost (price) 按成本价格，按原价
⑤ at the cost of 以……为代价，用……换来的;丧失;牺牲
【考例】They wondered how much this kind of car would ____ them.
A. pay B. spend C. cost D. waste
[考查目标] 本题考查cost和它的几个近义词的区别。
[答案与解析] C cost的意思是“耗费”，主语是指物的
名词.而pay和spend等的主语是指人的名词。
6. effect n. 效果;作用
have an effect on sth.
His words had a great pushing effect on his students.
(1) be of no effect 无效
(2) come into effect 开始生效;开始实行
[比较] affect vt. 影响 The climate affected the amount of the rainfall.
7. experience的用法
构词: experienced adj. 有经验的，熟练的
搭配:
① by experience 凭经验;从经验中
② from experience 凭经验;从经验中
③ gain experience in… 获得……经验
④ be experienced in… 某方面有经验
友情提示: experience这个词作为可数名词用时，解释为“经历”，作为不可数名词用时解释为“经验”。
【考例】 (20xx山西模拟) ____teaches that he was right. Good friendship is just not easily formed.
A. Knowledge B. Teachers C. Experience D. Parents
[考查目标] experience的意思。
[答案与解析] C experience常为不可数名词，意思是“经验”。
8. fear n. & vt.
(1) n. 恐惧 (多作不可数名词)
His face was growing pale with fear.
忧虑;担心的事(可数)
There is no reason for your fears.
for fear of 由于怕……，以防
He left an hour earlier for fear of missing his train.
for fear (that) 惟恐;怕的是;以防
She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.
in fear of 害怕;担心
The thief was in fear of the police.
(2) v. 恐惧;害怕，接 n. / pron.
Cats fear big dogs.
恐惧;害怕，接to do
Dont fear to tell the truth.
恐怕;担心，接从句
She feared that she might not find him in his room.
构词：fearful adj. 可怕的，严重的;惧怕的，胆怯的;担心的，忧虑的 fearless adj. 不怕的，大胆的，勇敢的，无畏的
搭配：
① be in fear (of) (为……而)提心吊胆
② for fear of 因为怕;以免，怕的是
③ for fear that-clause 生怕;为了防止(某事发生)
④ have a fear that-clause 担心/怕(发生某事)
⑤ with fear 吓得，怕得
⑥ fear (vi.) for... 担心/忧虑……
【考例】(20xx江苏)He got to the station early, ____ missing his train.
A. in case of B. instead of
C. for fear of D. in search
[考查目标] fear构成的短语的用法和意思。
[答案与解析]C for fear of 常在句中作状语，意思是 “怕的是……。担心……”。
9. fun n. 高兴;乐趣;有趣的人或事
(1) for fun 为了高兴;为着好玩
I only did it for fun.
(2) make fun of 开……的玩笑;取笑
It is wrong to make fun of a cripple.
[比较]
(1) laugh at 笑(某人);嘲笑
Its unkind to laugh at a person who is in trouble.
(2) play a joke on 开(某人的)玩笑
10. means n. 手段;办法
(1) by means of 用……;依靠……
The water may be carried by means of a pipe.
(2) by all means 一定;务必;(表示同意)当然可以，没问题：务必，无论如何，千方百计地
Try by all / every means to persuade him to come.
(3) by no means 完全不是;一点也不;决不
This is by no means the first time you have been late.
还有：
by this means 用这种方法; by any means 用一切可能的方法或手段
【考例】(MET 1991)Students sometimes support them- selves by ____ of evening job.
A. ways B. offers C. means D.helps
[考查目标] by means of 短语的意思。
[答案与解析] C by means of 的意思是“通过某种手段”。
11. normal adj. 正常的;正规的
the normal temperature, normal behavior
(1) regular 规则的;有规律的
keep regular hours 生活有规律;按时作息
(2) common普通的;常见的
Tom is a common name in Britain. 共有的;共同的
have a common interest 有着共同爱好
(3) usual 惯常的;惯例的
Its usual with him to go to the office on foot.
(4) ordinary 平凡的;普通的 in ordinary dress
12. once的用法
搭配：
① all at once 突然;同时
② at once 立刻，马上;同时
③ (every) once in a while 偶尔，有时，间或
④ for this once (= for once，just for once) 就这一次; 破例一回
⑤ more than once 不止一次，多次
⑥ not once 一次也不
⑦ once again / more再一次
⑧once and again一再，再三
⑨ once or twice 一两次;有时，偶尔
⑩ once too often又(多了)一次
once upon a time从前
【考例】(20xx上海) ____ we have learned something, additional learning increases the length of time we will remember it.
A. Before B. Once C. Until D. Unless
[考查目标] 连词once的用法和词义。
[答案与解析] B once在作连词使用时意思是“一旦”。
13. prefer v. 宁愿;更喜欢
(1) prefer + n. / pron.
The boy preferred a detective story.
(2) prefer + v. -ing
Do you prefer living abroad?
(3) prefer + to do
She prefers to live among the working people.
(4) prefer sb. to do sth.
She preferred him to stay at home.
(5) prefer + n. / pron. / doing + to + n. / pron. / doing 喜欢……而不喜欢 I prefer the town to the country. / While he was in the office he preferred doing something to doing nothing.
(6) prefer to do...rather than do = would rather do ... than do... 宁愿……而不愿 I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus.
(7) prefer + 从句(谓语动词用should do，should可省略) She preferred that he should do it in the kitchen.
14. protect的用法
构词：protection n. 保护(者/物)，防御
搭配：protect sb from / against 防止……遭受……;使……免于，保护……使不受
【考例】 (MET 1992) Clarke was greatly admired at the club for the successful ____.
A. self-satisfaction B. self-protection
C. self-respect D. self-service
[考查目标] protect及其派生词的词义。
[答案与解析]B self-protection是名词，意思是“自我保护”。
15. separate的用法
构词：separation n. [U]分开，分离
搭配：
① separate A from B 把A和B分开
② A is separated from B by… A和B为……所分开/阻隔
③ separate sth (up) into… 把……分成(几分)
辨析：separate; divide; part 都含“分开”的意思。
separate 指“把原来在一起的人或物分开”。例如: Separate those two boys who are fighting, will you? (你)把那两个打架的孩子拉开，好吗?
divide 指“施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整体分成若干部分”。
part指“把密切相关的人或物分开”，还有“分手”之意。
【考例】(NMET 20xx)As we joined the big crowd I got ____ from my friends.
A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed
[考查目标] 动词separate的词义。
[答案与解析] A separated和get搭配有被动意义，表示“被隔开;被分隔”。
（一）时间状语从句
表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。
e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
He started as soon as he received the news.
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.
（二）原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that(既然)等，for 表示因果关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词，语气不如because强。
e.g. He is disappointed because he didn"t get the position.
As it is raining, I will not go out.
Now that you mention it, I do remember.
（三）地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。
e.g. Sit wherever you like.
Make a mark where you have a question.
（四）目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so, so that(从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防，以免)等。
e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.
She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.
He left early in case he should miss the train.
（五）结果状语从句
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that (从句谓语一般没有情态动词), so … that, such … that等引导。
e.g. She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.
（六）条件状语从句
条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。
e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.
You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
So far as I know(据我所知), he will be away for three months.
You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don’t go too far away from the river bank.
If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.
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