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高考英语知识点总结热门

来源:公文范文 时间:2024-02-09 20:32:01 推荐访问: 热门 热门专业 热门大学专业排行榜

高考英语的知识点总结第1篇情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点,每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在:情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别;情态动词否定式的用法辨析:“情态动词+havedone”的用法区别等。下面是小编为大家整理的高考英语知识点总结热门,供大家参考。

高考英语知识点总结热门

高考英语的知识点总结 第1篇

情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点,每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在:情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别;情态动词否定式的用法辨析:“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。

虚拟语气在高考命题中不是重点,但是难点。考点常集中在含蓄条件句以及主语、宾语从句等特定句型中虚拟语气的使用上,因此考生应熟练掌握含蓄条件句中主从句的时态要求以及一些典型句型中虚拟语气的具体形式。

虚拟语气考点透析

考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法

与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,基本结构为:主语+动词的一般过去时(be动词用were)+其他成分+if++动词原形+其他成分。例如:

①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing,I would invite her to the

’t ’t ’t not

解析 句意为:如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实,我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。that从句为同位语从句,描述的是事实,用陈述语气。正确答案为C。

与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,基本结构为:主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if++have done+其他成分。例如:

If the weather had been better,we could have had a it ______ all

rained raining

解析 句意为:如果天气好的话,我们是能够去野餐的,但是下了一天的雨。句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情,所以用了虚拟语气。“下了一天的雨”是事实,所以用陈述语气。因为是发生在过去的事实,所以正确答案为A。

与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,基本结构为:主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分+if++动词原形+其他成分。例如:

If I ______ plan to do anything I want to,I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as

to to

解析 句意为:如果我能够计划做我想做的事情,我想去西藏并且尽可能多玩一些地方。句子描述的是与将来事实相反的事情,所以正确答案为B。

考点二、含蓄虚拟条件句

这样的虚拟句不含有if从句,而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等引导的句子代替if从句,主句的谓语动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本用法相同。例如:

Thank you for all your hard work last don’t think we ______ it without

manage have managed

managed have managed

解析 由语境可知这里要表达的意思是:如果没有你们辛勤的工作,我们不可能处理好这件事。很显然,这是对过去发生的事实的虚拟,所以要用could have done,故应选B。

考点三、主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句

在有些虚拟条件句中,主从句时间不一致,应根据不同情况区别对待。例如:

It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love,at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my

’t have fallen not fallen

fall to fall

解析 句意为:如果不是我在七岁时爱上家乡的Melinda Cox图书馆的话,很难想象今天的我会是什么样子。主句描述的是与现在事实相反的事情,从句描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。正确答案为B。

考点四、名词性从句中的虚拟语气

在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句和在it做形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中,宾语补足语是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时,从句中的谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。例如:

—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?

—I agree,but the problem is ______ he has refused

not be sent;that be sent;that

not be sent;what not send;what

解析 问句句意为:难道你不认为必须把他送到迈阿密而不是纽约吗?句子表示理应如此的意思。正确答案为B。

情态动词考点透析

考点一、情态动词基本含义的考查

情态动词的基本含义,一直是高考考查的重要内容。例如:

The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone______get had to would was able to could

解析:考查情态动词的基本含义。had to:不得不; would:表示意愿或过去常常;could倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力;was able to 表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。因此,答案是C。

分析:高考对情态动词基本含义的考查,仍然集中在常用的情态动词上。对常用情态动词的含义,要掌握的既准确又要全面,特别是shall, should, can, may 四个常用情态动词的含义较多,不易理解,复习时应当引起重视。

二、情态动词表示推测的考查

对情态动词表示推测的用法,是高考考查情态动词的一个重要方面。例如:

Sorry, I’m I______have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again .

might should can will

解析:might have done : (过去)可能做过某事;shouldhave done :本应该做某事。根据本句提供的情境I’m late 表明说话人可能把闹钟关上了。答案是:A。

分析:高考对表示推测的情态动词集中在must, can, could, may, might上,准确掌握它们使用的场合,是解决问题的关键。Must 用于肯定陈述句,表示肯定推测;can, could用于疑问或否定陈述句,表示可能性推测;may, might用于陈述句,表示可能性推测;用于否定陈述句中,can’t (不可能)的语气比may not(可能不)强。此外,还要注意有对过去和对现在两种情况的推测,对过去推测用情态动词+have done ,对现在推测用情态动词+ 动词原形。

三、情态动词表示虚拟的考查

情态动词+have+过去分词表示与过去事实上相反的情况,也是高考单项选择题涉及到情态动词的一个重要方面。

There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s You______come, but why didn’t you?

must have should

need have ought to have

解析:ought to have done 表示本来应该做某事而实际没做,should do 表示现在应该做某事,与题中 at yesterday’s party 表示的时间不一致。所以选D。

分析:高考对情态动词表示虚拟‘用法,表示与过去事实相反的情况。近几年高考,主要侧重should (not)have done 这一句式上,表示本来不该做却做了或本来该做却未做的事,在复习时,还应关注其它几种虚拟形式,如need (not)have done 表示本来需要做而未做或本来不需要而做的事等等,以做到有备无患。

考点四、情态动词与助动词混合考查

,you didn’t come to the party last night?

—I______, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do .

had to didn’t was going to wouldn’t

解析:had to:不得不;didn’t:没来;was going to:打算来;wouldn’t:不愿来。句意:——汤姆,昨晚你没来参加舞会吗?——我本打算来,但我突然记起有作业要做。But是关键词,所以答案是:C。

phone number again? I______quite catch it .

—It’s

didn’t couldn’t don’t can’t

解析:记住电话号码并非难事,未完全听清楚电话号码并非能力的事,此处只是说没有完全听清楚电话号码,所以,应选A。

【精选试题】 名校模拟题及其答案

“I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her ” “It’s time you ”

do did had would

If I hadn’t been lucky enough to meet I really _____ what I would have

don’t know hadn’t known

wasn’t knowing wouldn’t know

“I’ve told everyone about ” “Oh, I’d rather you ”

don’t hadn’t

couldn’t wouldn’t

It has been raining for a day, but eventhough it hadn’t rained, we _____ there by

can’t get won’t get

hadn’t got wouldn’t get

“Do you know his address?” “No, I also wish I _____ where he ”

knew, live knew, lives

know, lives know, lived

“Isn’t it about time you _____ to do morning exercises?” “Yes, it Would you like to join us?”

begin have begun

began had begun

It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my

wouldn’t have fallen had not fallen

should fall were to fall

He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a

had scored scored

would score would have scored

If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much

lies lay

had lain should lie

Without the air to hold some of the sun’sheat, the earth at night ____ for us to

would be freezing cold will be freezing coldly

would be frozen cold can freeze coldly

I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you

will show would show am going to show am showing

“It looks as if he were ” “So it ”

He’d better give up drinking

He shouldn’t have drunk so much

Health is more important than drink

I wonder why he is always doing so

“Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a ”

do are will would

“He will come ” “But I’d rather he _____ the day after ”

will come is coming

came had come

All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at

should be; be operated on

were; must be operated on

was; should be operated

was; be operated on

______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the

Was he given up Had he given up

Did he give If he gave up

“I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her ” “It’s time you ”

do did had would

“Do you know his address?” “No, I also wish I _____ where he ”

knew, live knew, lives

know, lives know, lived

It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my

wouldn’t have fallen had not fallen

should fall were to fall

Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ____ for us to

would be freezing cold will be freezing coldly

would be frozen cold can freeze coldly

fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut

Would you be Should you be

Could you be Might you be

can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a

might need should would

—Excuse But I want to use your computer to type a

—You _____have my computer if you don’t take care of it .

shan’t might not needn’t shouldn’t

He _____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the

should must wouldn’t can’t

I ______ have been more than six years old when the accident

shouldn’t couldn’t mustn’t needn’t

There _____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving

mustn’t shan’t shouldn’t needn’t

I was on the highway when this car went past Lowed by a police They ______ at least 150 kilometers an

should have been doing must have been doing

could have done would have done

— I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by

— It ______ Harry’ He always wears

has to be will be mustn’t be could be

— Catherine, I have cleaned the room for

— You ______ I could manage it

needn’t do needn’t have done

mustn’t do shouldn’t have done

— Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her

— She I’ve already borrowed

can’t mustn’t needn’t shouldn’t

【答案与解析】

【解析】选’s time you did 为 It’s time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英语语法,it’s time 后从句通常要用过去式。

【解析】选虽然前有虚拟条件句, 后有使用了虚拟语气的宾语,但 I don’t know 却宜用一般现在时,因为 I don’t know 表述的是现在的真实情况,句意为“我要不是有幸遇到你,我真不知(指现在不知)我会做出什么蠢事来”。

【解析】选’d rather 后接从句时,从句谓语的时态规律是:用过去式表示现在或将来,用过去完成式表示过去。

【解析】选 can’t get there by tomorrow 为客观事实,故宜用陈述语气。

【解析】选第一空填 knew,因为 I wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气(即用过去式表示现在的想法);第二空要填lives,即用陈述语气,因为 where he lives 是一个客观事实,而不是 I wish 的内容。

【解析】选’s time… / It’s high time… / It’s about time… 等后接从句时,从句谓语通常用过去式。

【解析】选 此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句,主句与现在事实相反,条件句与过去事实相反。句意为:要不是在七岁时就迷上了 Melinda Cox 图书馆,我真不能想像我如今会在做什么。

【解析】 选 这是otherwise 引出的含蓄虚拟语气,再根据前面的 hesitated 可进一步知道这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,由此可推知答案选

【解析】选 only意为“要是……就好了”,其后的句子谓语要用虚拟语气,同时根据 as the doctor instructed 中的过去时态可知从句是与过去事实相反,故选

【解析】选 引出的介词短语为一个与现在事实相反的含蓄条件句。

【答案】C

【解析】.根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件,即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article(要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话——但事实上忘了)。

【答案】B

【解析】关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虚拟语气,句子既然用了虚拟语气,也就是说,“他喝醉了”不是事实,只是他的言行好像是醉了,所以此题的答案是

【答案】

【解析】 由于空格后的 if 条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语气(这是很重要的信息),所以主句要用 would 而不用 will,即答案应选

【答案】D

【解析】按照英语习惯,would rather 后接that 从句时,从句谓语通常要用虚拟语气,即用过去式表示现在或将来, 用过去完成时表示过去。

【答案】C

【解析】insist后的从句谓语有时用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气,有时不用,具体要看该谓语动词所表示的含义。一般说来,若该谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生,或尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气;若该谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生,或已经成为事实,则要用陈述语气。分析上题的句意,可知只有选D最合适。

【答案】D

【解析】是因为时态前后有矛盾。由于主句谓语是would not have got,这表明是对过去事实作出的假设,所以从句谓语应该是 had given up,而不是像D项那样用一般过去时。另外,当虚拟条件句中有 had, should, were 等词时,通常可以省略 if,并将 had, should, were 提前置于句首。

【答案】B

【解析】It’s time you did 为 It’s time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英语语法,it’s time 后从句通常要用过去式。

【答案】B

【解析】第一空填 knew,因为 I wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气(即用过去式表示现在的想法);第二空要填lives,即用陈述语气,因为 where he lives 是一个客观事实,而不是 I wish 的内容。

【答案】B

【解析】 此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句,主句与现在事实相反,条件句与过去事实相反。句意为:要不是在七岁时就迷上了 Melinda Cox 图书馆,我真不能想像我如今会在做什么。

【答案】B

【解析】without 引出的介词短语为一个与现在事实相反的含蓄条件句。

【答案】A

【解析】句意:万一你被解雇,给你的医疗救助和其它方面的福利也不会被取消。

【答案】B

【解析】句意:你想象不到这么一个表现良好的绅士竟然会对一个女士这么粗鲁。

【答案】C

【解析】shall此处表示“警告”。

【答案】A

【解析】B此处考查情态动词表示推测的用法。should have done表示过去应该做而实际并没有做,因此淘汰A项。would不用来表推测,因此淘汰C项。B基与D项虽然都可以表示推测,但B项表肯定意义而D项表示否定推测,意为“不可能”,根据句意:他肯定已完成了他的工作;不然,他就不会在海边玩得那么愉快了。可知此处需要肯定意义,因此淘汰D项。

【解析】B本题考查情态动词的用法。must表示推测只能用于肯定句,否定句用can或could 代替。shouldn’t have done 表示“本来不该而实际上却做了某事”.needn’t have done表示“本来不必而实际上却做了”均不合题意。本句的意思是:当事故发生时我不可能超过6岁。

【解析】C should(按道理)应该;句意:既然你在驾校时做了大量练习,那么通过这次考试理不应该有困难。

【解析】B 第一句话使用了一般过去时,由此可知第二句话是对过去事情的猜测,需用must have 本题意为“我正在高速公路上行驶,这时一辆警车跟随着着这辆车从旁边经过。它们一定是以至少每小时150公里的速度行驶。”故选B。A项表示“本应该……”,C项表示“本能够……”不合题意。

【解析】D 本题考查情态动词的用法。句意是“我错拿了别人的绿色 毛衣”,“那可能是Harry的,他总是穿绿色的毛衣”。四个选项中could表示推测。mustn’t 表示 “禁止”;has to 表示“不得不”;will 表推测时,表“肯定“语气太强。

【解析】B根据句意可知Catherine对对方为她打扫了房间表示感谢并提到对方本来不必为她打扫房间。很显然对方打扫房间是过去所为,表达“去不必做某事”用needn’t have done

【解析】C本题考查情态动词,从答语的后半句“我已经借到一本字典了”,可知前半句为“不必了”。故C正确。


高考英语的知识点总结 第2篇

1、动宾从句

大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句。部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句。

动词短语也可以带宾语从句,常见的这些词有:

make sure(确保)、make up one’s mind(下决心)、keep in mind(牢记)

可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句

①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe,think等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。

②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it(双宾语)这类动词主要有:hate,take,owe,have,see ,,mail,offer,pass,pay,post,read,return,show,teach,tell

2、介宾从句

用whether之类的介词宾语从句。

用that,if引导的介词宾语从句,有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句。

形容+宾从句。有些形容词具有动词的含义,所以也可以带一个宾语从句;

例句:

I am sorry I am

I am glad that you can join

Are you sure his answer is right?

常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised

3、if与whether

if和whether在作“是否”理解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if。

少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether。

whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以。在不定式前只能用whether。一般“no matter”后表示“是否”用whether而不用if。

高考英语的知识点总结 第3篇

助动词

1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如:

He doesn′t like 他不喜欢英语。

(doesn′t是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)

2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:

表示时态。例如:

He is 他在唱歌。(北京安通学校提供)

He has got 他已结婚。

表示语态。例如:

He was sent to 他被派往英国。

构成疑问句。例如:

Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗?

Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?

与否定副词not合用,构成否定句。例如:

I don′t like 我不喜欢他。

加强语气。例如:

Do come to the party tomorrow 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

He did know 他的确知道那件事。

3) 最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would等。

3 助动词be的用法

1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态。例如:

They are having a 他们正在开会。

English is becoming more and more 英语现在越来越重要。(北京安通学校提供)

2)be + 过去分词,构成被动语态。例如:

The window was broken by 窗户是汤姆打碎的。

高考英语的知识点总结 第4篇

一、直接考查连词but在语境中的用法即要求考生根据试题的语境(看其是否有转折意味)来确定连词but的正确使用。这类考题通常会将连词but与连词and,so,or等结合起来考查。同学们做题时要注意比较,尤其要注意比较各个连词填入句子后,比较句意的逻辑性和通畅性。如:

You have failed two You"d better start working harder,_________ you won"t pass the

and so but or

「解析」的意思是"否则""要不然",只有此词填入空格,句意最通顺。

They wanted to charge $5,000 for the car,_________ we managed to bring the price

but so when since

「解析」前后两分句之间是转折关系,故用

-Somebody wants you on the -_________ no one knows I"m

For And But So

「解析」"有人打电话来找我"与"没有人知道我在这里"是转折关系,故填

二、利用but的转折语境考查其他知识点即根据题干中连词but的转折性语境来确定相关知识点的选择。此时尤其要注意前后相关信息的对比、对照或互为相反义。如:

He has made a lot of films,but _________ good

any some few many

「解析」由于句中用了转折连词but,所以要填few与前面的many相对比。

It"s hard for him playing against I"ve got nothing to play for,but for him,he needs to win so

far well little badly

「解析」句中的badly不是表示"糟糕地",而是表示"很""非常",这样用的badly主要与表示"想要"或"需要"的词语或短语(如want,need,be in need of等)连用。如:Our school is badly in need of English 我们学校急需英语教师。/ He wants to buy a new car 他很想买辆新车。

I told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps I _________ have driven her

could must might should

「解析」比较:"could+have+过去分词"的意思是"本来可以""本来应该""本来能够";"must+have+过去分词"的意思是"一定已经";"might+have+过去分词"的意思是"本来可以""本来可能";"should+have+过去分词"的意思是"本来应该".根据句意,显然只有D。

三、考查but的相关结构或句式如考查not…but…,not only…but (also)…等句式的搭配和运用。如:

Between the two generations,it is often not their age,_________ their education that causes

like as or but

「解析」题目考查not…but…的用法,其意为"不是……而是……".全句意为:两代人之间引起的误解往往不是他们的(不同)年龄,而是他们所受的(不同)教育。

Reality is not the way you wish things to be,nor the way they appear to be,_________ the way they actually

as or but and

「解析」此题也是考查not…but…结构。全句意为:现实不是你想象出来的事物的状态,也不是事物表象给人的感觉,而是其本来的样子。

四、考查连词but与定语从句的相互干扰大家知道,在含有定语从句的复合句中,我们是不能在主句与从句之间使用并列连词的。但是,命题者有时却会利用连词but与定语从句的相互干扰性来考查考生的辨别能力。如:

I don"t mind her criticizing me,but _________ is how she does it that I object

it that this which

「解析」此题考查it is……that…这一强调句句型。句意为:我不介意她批评我,我反对的是她批评我的方式。由于句中使用了并列连词but,所以绝对不能选

The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday,but _________ didn"t

it she which he

「解析」用it代替前面整句话的内容。但若去掉but,则选

高考英语的知识点总结 第5篇

(1) He was poor but proud and turned down every offer of <拒绝接受>

(2) The campers usually turned in as soon as it got <上床睡觉>

(3) The teachers have to turn in the reports at the end of the school <上交>

(4) The examination turned out(to be)<结果是,最后情况是>

(5) Bob turns over most of the money he earns to his <移交,交给>

(6) The car struck the wall and turned <撞翻,翻倒>

(7) He turned over in <翻身,翻转>

(8) Please turn over this <翻过>

(9) The missing boy turned up<出现>

(10) If you have some questions,you can turn to your teachers for <求助于>

(11) Mozart"s music always turns me <使感兴趣/使不感兴趣>

(12) She turned away in horror at the sight of so much <转身不看>

(13) Because the hall was full,many people were turned a <撵走>

(14) turn a blind eye to/on<视而不见>

(15) turn a deaf ear to <充耳不闻>

(16) turn about<向后转>

(17) turn against<反对,背叛>

(18) turn back<返回,折回,使往回走>

(19) by turns<轮流>

(20) in turn<一个挨一个地又(对别人)做同样的事>

(21) take turns<轮流(做某事)>

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